Handbook of Solvents, Volume 2, Use, Health, and Environment

Handbook of Solvents, Volume 2, Use, Health, and Environment

Author: George Wypych, Editor
ISBN 978-1-895198-65-2 

Published: 2014
Number of pages: 978
$295.00
The volume begins with a discussion of solvent used in over 30 industries, which are the main consumers of solvents. The analysis is conducted based on available data and contains information on the types (and frequently amounts) of solvents used and potential problems and solutions. This followed by a discussion of residual solvents left in final products.

The environmental impact of solvents, such as their fate and movement in the water, soil and air, fate-based management of solvent containing wastes, and ecotoxicological effects are discussed in a separate chapter. This is followed by the analysis of the concentration of solvents in more than 15 and discussion of regulations in the USA and Europe.

Solvent toxicology chapter was written by professors and scientists from major centers who study the effect of solvents on various aspects of human health, immediate reaction to solvent poisoning, persistence of symptoms of solvent exposure, and effects of solvents on various parts of the human organism. This is a unique collection of observations which should be frequently consulted by solvent users and agencies which are responsible for the protection of people in the industrial environment.

The following chapters show possibilities in solvent substitution by safer materials. Here the emphasis is placed on supercritical solvents, ionic liquids, ionic melts, and agriculture-based products. Solvent recycling, removal from contaminated air, and degradation are discussed by experts in these technologies with regard to research and industry manufacturing equipment for safe methods of processing with solvents.

The book is concluded with an evaluation of methods of natural attenuation of various solvents in soils and modern methods of cleaning contaminated soils, selection of gloves, Handbook of Silicon Based MEMS Materials and Technologies, and respirators, and new trends in solvent technology.

This comprehensive two-volume book has no equal in depth and breadth to any other publication available today. It contains the most recent finds and additional source data in a separate printed and digital publications, such as
Solvent databook
Solvent database on CD-ROM
These two publications contain data on close to 2000 solvents. The data organized in sections such as General, Physical & Chemical Properties, Health & Safety, Environmental, and Use, contain all available and required data to use solvent efficiently and safely.

There are a few chemical companies, universities, research centers, which can conduct their activities without consulting this book.
13 SOLVENT USE IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES
13.1 Adhesives and sealants
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
13.2 Aerospace
13.3 Asphalt compounding
13.4 Biotechnology
13.4.1 Organic solvents in microbial production processes
Michiaki Matsumoto, Sonja Isken, Jan A. M. de Bont, Division of Industrial Microbiology Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
13.4.2 Solvent-resistant microorganisms
Tilman Hahn, Konrad Botzenhart, Institut fuer Allgemeine Hygiene und Umwelthygiene, Universitaet Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
13.4.3 Choice of solvent for enzymatic reaction in organic solvent
Tsuneo Yamane, Graduate School of Bio- and Agro-Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
13.5 Coil coating
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
13.6 Cosmetics and personal care products
13.7 Dry cleaning - treatment of textiles in solvents
Kaspar D. Hasenclever, Kreussler & Co. GmbH, Wiesbaden, Germany
13.8 Electronic industry - CFC-free alternatives for cleaning in electronic industry
Martin Hanek, Norbert Loew, Dr. O. K. Wack Chemie, Ingolstadt, Germany; Andreas Muehlbauer, Zestron Corporation, Ashburn, VA, USA
13.9 Fabricated metal products
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
13.10 Food industry - solvents for extracting vegetable oils
Phillip J. Wakelyn, National Cotton Council, Washington, DC, USA; Peter J. Wan, USDA, ARS, SRRC, New Orleans, LA, USA
13.11 Ground transportation
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
13.12 Inorganic chemical industry
13.13 Iron and steel industry
13.14 Lumber and wood products - Wood preservation treatment: significance of solvents
Tilman Hahn, Konrad Botzenhart, Fritz Schweinsberg, Institut fuer Allgemeine Hygiene und Umwelthygiene, Universitaet Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Gerhard Volland, Otto-Graf-Institut, Universitaet Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
13.15 Medical applications
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
13.16 Metal casting
13.17 Motor vehicle assembly
13.18 Organic chemical industry
13.19 Paints and coatings
13.19.1 Architectural surface coatings and solvents
Tilman Hahn, Konrad Botzenhart, Fritz Schweinsberg, Institut fuer Allgemeine Hygiene und Umwelthygiene, Universitaet Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Gerhard Volland, Otto-Graf-Institut, Universitaet Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
13.19.2 Recent advances in coalescing solvents for waterborne coatings
David Randall, Chemoxy International pcl, Cleveland, United Kingdom
13.20 Petroleum refining industry
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
13.21 Pharmaceutical industry
13.21.1 Use of solvents in the manufacture of drug substances (DS) and drug products (DP)
Michel Bauer, International Analytical Department, Sanofi-Synthelabo, Toulouse, France; Christine Barthelemy, Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galenique et Biopharmacie, Faculte des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Universite de Lille 2, Lille, France
13.21.2 Predicting cosolvency for pharmaceutical and environmental applications
An Li, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
13.22 Polymers and man-made fibers
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
13.23 Printing industry
13.24 Pulp and paper
13.25 Rubber and Plastics
13.26 Use of solvents in the shipbuilding and ship repair industry
Mohamed Serageldin, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Dave Reeves, Midwest Research Institute, Cary, NC, USA
13.27 Stone, clay, glass, and concrete
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
13.28 Textile industry
13.29 Transportation equipment cleaning
13.30 Water transportation
13.31 Wood furniture
13.32 Summary

14 METHODS OF SOLVENT DETECTION AND TESTING
14.1 Standard methods of solvent analysis
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
14.2 Special methods of solvent analysis
Myrto Petreas, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, USA
14.3 Simple test to determine toxicity of bacteria
James L. Botsford, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, USA

15 RESIDUAL SOLVENTS IN PRODUCTS
15.1 Residual solvents in various products
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
15.2 Residual solvents in pharmaceutical substances and products
Eric Deconinck and Jaques O. De Beer

16 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF SOLVENTS
16.1 The environmental fate and movement of organic solvents in water, soil, and air
William R. Roy, Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, IL, USA
16.2 Fate-based management of organic solvent-containing wastes
William R. Roy, Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, IL, USA
16.3 Organic solvent impacts on tropospheric air pollution
Michelle Bergin, Armistead Russell, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

17 CONCENTRATION OF SOLVENTS IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS
17.1 Measurement and estimation of solvents emission and odor
Margot Scheithauer, Institut fuer Holztechnologie Dresden, Germany
17.2 Emission of organic solvents during usage of ecological paints
Krzysztof M. Benczek, Joanna Kurpiewska, Central Institute for Labor Protection, Warsaw, Poland
17.3 Indoor air pollution by solvents contained in paints and varnishes
Tilman Hahn, Konrad Botznhart, Fritz Schweinsberg, Gerhard Volland, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
17.4 Solvent uses with exposure risks
Pentti Kalliokoski, Kai Savolainen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland

18 REGULATIONS
18 Regulations in the US and other countries
Carlos M. Nunez, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory Research, Triangle Park, NC, USA
18.1 Regulations in Europe
Tilman Hahn, Konrad Botzenhart, Fritz Schweinsberg, Institut fuer Allgemeine Hygiene und Umwelthygiene, Universitaet Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany

19 TOXIC EFFECTS OF SOLVENT EXPOSURE
19.1 Toxicokinetics, toxicodynamics, and toxicology
Tilman Hahn, Konrad Botzenhart, Fritz Schweinsberg, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
19.2 Pregnancy outcome following maternal organic solvent exposure
Gideon Koren, The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
19.3 Industrial solvents and kidney disease
Nachman Brautbar, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
19.4 Lymphohematopoietic study of workers exposed to benzene including multiple myeloma, lymphoma, and chronic lymphatic leukemia
Nachman Brautbar, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
19.5 Chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatoid exchanges
Nachman Brautbar, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
19.6 Hepatotoxicity
Nachman Brautbar, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
19.7 Toxicity of environmental solvent exposure for brain, lung, and heart
Kaye H. Kilburn, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

20 SUBSTITUTION OF SOLVENTS BY SAFER PRODUCTS AND PROCESSES
20.1 Supercritical solvents
Aydin K. Sunol, Sermin G. Sunol, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
20.2 Ionic liquids
D.W. Rooney, K.R. Seddon, School of Chemistry, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
20.3 Deep eutectic solvents and their applications as new green reaction media
Joaquin Garcia-Alvarez
20.4 Ethyl lactate: a biorenewable agrochemical solvent for food technology
Tiziana Fornari, David Villaneuva Bermejo, Guillermo Reglero, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

21 SOLVENT RECYCLING, REMOVAL, AND DEGRADATION
21.1 Absorptive solvent recovery
Klaus-Dirk Henning, CarboTech Aktivkohlen GmbH, Essen, Germany
21.2 Solvent recovery
Isao Kimura, Kanken Techno Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
21.3 Solvent treatment in a paints and coating plant
Denis Kargol, OFRU Recycling GmbH & Co. KG, Babenhausen, Germany
21.4 Application of solar photocatalytic oxidation to VOC-containing airstreams
K. A. Magrini, A. S. Watt, L. C. Boyd, E. J. Wolfrum, S. A. Larson, C. Roth, G. C. Glatzmaier, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA

22 NATURAL ATTENUATION OF CHLORINATED SOLVENTS IN GROUND WATER
Hanadi S. Rifai, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Groundwater Services, Inc., Houston, Texas, USA; Charles J. Newell Todd H. Wiedemeier, Parson Engineering Science, Denver, CO, USA
Moffett Field, CA

23 PROTECTION
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada
22.1 Gloves
22.2 Suit materials
22.3 Respiratory protection

24 NEW TRENDS BASED ON PATENT LITERATURE
George Wypych, ChemTec Laboratories, Toronto, Canada

Acknowledgments
Index